Carolina Nature

Trees, Shrubs, and Woody Vines of North Carolina

Winged Elm (Ulmus alata)

Plantae>Magnoliophyta>Magnoliopsida>Urticales>Ulmaceae>Ulmus alata Michaux

Winged Elm (Ulmus alata) leaves

Winged Elm is a very common medium-sized early-succesional tree, most found in a wide range of habitats, from old fields to bottomlands to rock outcrops.

Durham Co., NC 5/23/2012.

Winged Elm (Ulmus alata) leaves

Wake Co., NC 5/23/2009.

Winged Elm (Ulmus alata) leaves

Unusually round-looking leaves of a sapling.

Uwharrie River slopes, Montgomery Co., NC 4/17/2011.

Winged Elm (Ulmus alata) leaves

Uwharrie River slopes, Montgomery Co., NC 4/17/2011.

Winged Elm is rare in the Mountain region of NC, where it is found in low river valleys, such as here next to the French Broad River.

Madison Co., NC 4/9/2012.

Madison Co., NC 4/9/2012.

Winged Elm (Ulmus alata) leaves

Chapel Hill, NC 5/2/09.

Winged Elm (Ulmus alata) leaves

The leaves are smaller and narrower than those of our other elms and the leaf bases are more even.

Durham Co., NC 5/3/08.

Winged Elm (Ulmus alata) leaves

Leaves are usually rough-hairy above but may be nearly smooth on mature trees.

Orange Co., NC 9/20/02.

Winged Elm (Ulmus alata) wings

Corky wings on the branches and trunk may be as pronounced as on this tree, or may be nearly absent, as in the top photo.

Orange Co., NC 9/20/02.

Winged Elm (Ulmus alata) flowers

The flowers, which are produced in March before the trees leaf out, have a brownish to dull reddish tinge, unlike the bright green of Slippery Elm (U. rubra) and American Elm (U. americana). The samaras (fruits) are smaller and more elongate than the other elms, and very hairy.

Orange Co., NC 3/30/05.

Winged Elm (Ulmus alata) flowers

Orange Co., NC 4/10/05.

Winged Elm (Ulmus alata) bark

The bark of a young tree often has amazing corky wings and warts.

Orange Co., NC 10/15/06.

Winged Elm (Ulmus alata) bark

Bark of the same young tree, further down.

Orange Co., NC 10/15/06.

Winged Elm (Ulmus alata) bark

The bark of a mature tree is quite different, with flat plates separated by shallow fissures.

Harnett Co., NC 4/19/03.

 

More information:
Trees of Alabama and the Southeast
US Forest Service Silvics Manual
Virginia Tech Dendrology

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